1. Topic statement ( cause- effect relationship) example 2. Motivation ( what motivate you to choose this topic) 3. Motivation ( evolution chronologic, survey, experimentation…) 4. Theory that best fit your statement 4. 5 sources of information include: title, authors, date publisher. Format: mla method. Note: the research paper has to be relating to “urban sociology in Canada” ( past-present-future) city life.