A major challenge for future homeland security budgeting issues lies with developing a civilian capability to deal with failed and fragile states. In 2004, the State Department established the Office of the Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization (CRS) to coordinate US governmental reconstruction and stabilization to “help stabilize and reconstruct societies in transition from conflict or civil strife so they can reach a sustainable path toward peace, democracy and a market economy.” Looking at our experience in Iraq and Afghanistan, how has this effort fared? Why? In 2011, this function was subsumed within the Bureau of Conflict and Stabilization Operations (CSO) which worked to “deemphasize” preparation for “sizable state-building post-conflict missions”. What happened? What is our obligation to countries we have defeated once the battles are over?